Satyricon!

Advanced Latin (201, 301, 401)

• Paradigm Verbs
  • negö, äre, ävï, ätus
  • appäreo, ëre, uï, itürus
  • tegö, tegere, tëxï, tëctus
  • rapiö, rapere, rapui, raptus
  • veniö, venïre, vënï, ventürus
    
    
• The perfect active system is delightfully regular. The system consists of three tenses:
  • perfect
  • pluperfect
  • future perfect
    
    
• All tenses in the perfect active system use the perfect stem. The perfect stem is found by dropping the ending (always ï) from the third principal part (the 1st person singular perfect indicative active).
  
  
• In the perfect tense, verbs are formed by adding perfect tense endings to the perfect stem. The endings are
  
  
  • ï / imus
  • istï / istis
  • it / ërunt
    
    
• In the future perfect tense, verbs are formed by adding the appropriate form of the future of the verb sum (erö, eris, erit, etc.) to the perfect stem.
  • The only exception is the 3 plural ending (erint - not erunt, as you'd expect). Allen & Greenough doesn't explain this exception. I personally believe the Romans did it to mess with our minds.
    
    
• In the pluperfect tense, verbs are formed by adding the appropiate form of the imperfect of the verb sum (eram, eras, erat, etc.) to the perfect stem.
  
  
  • Actually, as Allen & Greenough [#169] explains, the linguistically correct explanation for the future perfect and pluperfect formation is slightly more complicated. But, it always works out in the way I've described. Unless your a morphology junkie, you don't need to sweat this.