Satyricon!

Advanced Latin (201, 301, 401)

• A&G #279c defines conditions. #511ff describes, classifies and explains them.
  
  
• A condition contains two parts, the protasis (the "if" clause, which is the subordinate clause in the sentence) and the apodosis (the "then" clause, which is the main clause).
  
  
• There are 3 basic types of conditions:
  • General Conditions: past and present
    • Present General - Whenever he appears, he denies it.
      • protasis - present indicative; apodosis - present indicative;
      • sï appäret, negat.
    • Past General - Whenever he appeared, he denied it.
      • protasis - perfect indicative; apodosis - perfect indicative;
      • sï appäruit, negävit.
  • Future Conditions: more and less vivid
    • Future Less Vivid - If the prize should be large, he would deny it.
      • protasis - present subjunctive; apododis - present subjunctive
      • sï praeda magna sit, neget.
    • Future More Vivid - If the reward will be large, he will appear.
      • protasis - future indicative; apodosis - future idicative
      • sï praeda magna erit, appärëbit.
  • Contrary to Fact Conditions
    • Present Contrary to Fact - If the prize were large, he would appear.
      • protasis - imperfect subjunctive; apodosis - imperf subjunctive
      • sï praeda magna esset, appäreret.
    • Past Contrary to Fact - If the prize had been large, he would have appeared
      • protasis - pluperfect subjunctive; apodosis - pluperf subjunctive
      • sï praeda magna fuisset, appäruisset.
• Remember, conditions can be mixed and disguised.