Bates College: CM/HI 109Roman Civilization: The Republic: Winter '07

 

The Early Kings of Rome

(turn off your cell phones)

image source: Maecenas (Forum Romanum)

 

 

The Etruscan Domination and Monarchical Period

Chronology

• Romans believed Romulus founded Rome in 753 BCE
  • Romulus & Remus (the Capitoline Wolf: Etruscan, 500-480 BCE)
  • tribes of Italy
  • seven hills of Rome
  • daub and wattle construction
  • map of Latium
  • map of Italy
  • Capestrano Warrior
  • Apollo of Veii
  • Phoenician trade routes
  • Magna Graecia
• Tradition and archeology suggest a period of Etruscan domination in the 6th century.
  • Etruria
  • Sella Curilis
  • fasces
  • bronze liver of piacenza
  • attic style vases
  • Cloaca Maxima
  • Etruscan temple
  • Etruscan tomb painting
  • Etruscan tomb sculpture
• Etruscan expansion through the Italian peninsual ends with defeat at Capua in 524 BCE.
• Roman aristocracy establishes a Roman Republic 509 BCE.
  • Brutus the Liberator
• Rome and Carthage make their first treaty in 509 BCE
• Plebian secessio in 494 BCE
• Spurius Cassius signs a treaty on behalf of Rome with the Latin League in 493.
• The war between Rome and (Etruscan) Veii:
  • In 474 a truce ends the efforts of the Fabianii (a Roman clan) to seize control of the Etruscan town of Fidenae.
  • In 435 the Romans capture Fidenae.
  • In 396, the Romans capture and raze Veii.
• The war between Rome and the Umbrian tribes:
  • In 495, Rome establishes a defensive colony at Signia.
  • In 492, Rome establishes a defensive colony at Norba.
  • In 491, Corioloanus leads the Volsci to the walls of Rome, but is defeated.
  • In 486, the Hernici enter into a treaty with the Romans on the one hand, and the Latin League on the other.
  • In 442, Rome establishes a defensive colony at Ardea.
  • In 431, A. Postumius Tubertus finally defeats the Aequi at the Algidus pass.
    
• In 452 and 451 two boards of decemviri publish the Twelve Tables, codifying Roman law.
• In 390, Gaulish tribes invade Rome.

---

 

Factoids & Terms	People	Places	Events
Romanitas Monarchical Constitution Early Republican Constitution Influence of Etruscan culture imperium fasces lictor Comitia Curiata Roman Assemblies Senatus; more on the Senate patres conscripti patricians plebs secessio conflict of orders Twelve Tables tribune of the plebs	Etruscans Etruscans on the Web - portal The Mysterious Etruscans Latins Samnites; the lands of the Samnites Romulus Plutarch's Live of Romulus Remus Sextus Tarquinius Tarquinius Superbus	Etruria Latium Umbria Campania Carthage Cumae Capua Caere	foundation of Rome The Etruscan defeat at Cumae expulsuion of the kings The secession of the plebs Publication of the Twelve Tables The War with the Umbrian tribes The War between Rome and the Etruscans (Veii). Gauls sack Rome Roman treaty with Caere.

 

---

Images

Map of Italy: historical map of Roman Empire tribes of Italy map of Latium Italian peninsula trace map	Sella Curilis fasces sketch coin carving lictors with fasces
bronze liver of piacenza Etruscan temple	Etruscan tombs Tomb 1 Tomb 2 Tomb 3 Tomb 4 married couple:
Etruscan pottery attic style bucchero	Romulus & Remus (the Capitoline Wolf: Etruscan, 500-480 BCE) Brutus the Liberator (300 BCE)

 

---

Questions

• What is Romanitas?
• How did Etruscan culture influence Rome?
• How did Rome's elite transform itself from an aristocracy of birth to an aristocracy of wealth and office?
• How did Rome interact with other political and cultural entities as its influence expanded?