てーform | VERB | ADJECTIVES and/or NOUN |
て of "and" (L7) | Aて /Nでof "and" (L7) | |
てください(L7) please do~ | n/a | |
ている(L8) be doing ~; did and still do (have been doing | n/a | |
てくださいませんか(L12) "Would you please do ~ for me? | n/a | |
て来る(L12) do ~ and come back here | n/a | |
てみる(L12) try doing ~ and see | n/a | |
て of "cause" (L13) so; therefore | Aて/Nで of "cause" (L13) so; therefore | |
ても いい(L14) may do ~; be allowed to do | n/a | |
ては いけない(L14) must not do ~; be prohibited to do | n/a |
Stem or V pre-masu Form | VERB | ADJECTIVES and/or NOUN |
ましょうか (L7) Shall
I (we) do ~? ましょう (L7) Let's do ~ |
n/a | |
に行く/来る/帰る(L8) go/come (+home) to do ~ | n/a | |
ながら(L12) While doing action, ・・・ | n/a | |
そう (L13) based on "sense" to seem; look | そう for adjectives ONLY(L13) to seem; look | |
たい(L15) I/we/you want to do ~ | n/a | |
たがっている(L15) someone/they want(s) to do ~ | n/a |
Ba form | VERB | i-ADJECTIVE and NEG. of Na-adj. & NOUN |
〜ば conditional (L14) if ~ | 〜ば conditional (L14) if~ | |
〜ば いい (L14) I/we hope/ wish ~ | 〜ば いい (L14) I/we hope/ wish ~ |
Volitional form | VERB | ADJECTIVES and/or NOUN |
と思う(L13) I think of doing ~ | n/a | |
とした時(L13) someone is about to do ~ | n/a | |
とする somebody tries to do ~: to make effort | n/a |
Plain forms | meaning ["concept"] | VERB | i-Adj. | Na-Adj. & NOUN present-affirmative |
(ん/の L12)でしょう (L9) | probably ~ | all | all | Nな /Na-Adj.な |
と言っている(L9) | someone says that | all | all | Nだ /Na-Adj.だ |
と思う(L9) | I think that | all | all | Nだ /Na-Adj.だ |
Modifying nouns (L9 & 10) | N who/ whom/ that/ which/ etc. | all | all | Nの /Na-Adj.な |
から(L11) | because | all | all | Nだ /Na-Adj.だ |
ので(L11) | because |
all | all | Nな /Na-Adj.な |
んorの です(L12) | "emphasis" "sympathetic/ attentive" | all | all | Nな /Na-Adj.な |
(ん/の)だろうと思う (L12) | I think that probably | all | all | N(なの) /Na-Adj.(なの) |
(ん/の)かも しれない(L12) | may ~; might | all | all | N(なの) /Na-Adj.(なの) |
が(L6) | although | all | all | Nだ /Na-Adj.だ |
けれども(L13) | although | all | all | Nだ /Na-Adj.だ |
時(L13) | when | all | all | Nの /Na-Adj.な |
よてい(L13) | "plan" "schedule" | Non-past | n/a | Nの |
間(L13) | while | Non-past | all | Nの /Na-Adj.な |
はず(L14) | "expectation" be supposed to ~ | Non-past | all | Nの /Na-Adj.な |
のがAdj.です(L15) | doing / being ~is Adj. | Non-past | all | Na-Adj.な |
つもり(L15) | "intention" | Non-past | n/a | n/a |
ないほうがいい(L11) | better not to do ~ | Non-past, negative only | n/a | n/a |
たほうがいい (L11)
|
had better to do | Past-affirmative only | n/a | n/a |
た ことがある(L15) | "experience" | Past-affirmative only | n/a | n/a |
てーform | VERB | ADJECTIVES and/or NOUN |
てしまう(L16) completely or regrettably done | n/a | |
[他動詞 transitive verb]てある(L18) something is done | n/a | |
ておく(L18) "someone does ~ in advance; for later use" "set aside" | n/a | |
Nをあげる/もらう/くれる(L20)
giving & receiving |
n/a |
Stem or V pre-masu Form | VERB | ADJECTIVES and/or NOUN |
ませんか(L17) why don't
you do ~ (polite invitation) |
n/a | |
かた(L19) how to do ~ | n/a | |
なさい(L19) "command" | n/a | |
お〜になる(L19) "honorific" | n/a | |
ご〜になる(L19) "honorific" | n/a | |
お〜する(L19) "humble" | n/a | |
ご〜する(L19) "humble" | n/a | |
お〜ください(L19) "very polite request" | n/a | |
ご〜ください(L19) "very polite request" | n/a |
Plain forms | meaning ["concept"] | VERB | i-Adj. | Na-Adj. & NOUN present-affirmative |
そう(L16) | "hearsay" | all | all | Nだ /Na-Adj.だ |
し、〜し(L16) | and/so | all | all | Nだ /Na-Adj.だ |
でしょう(L16) | I guess | all | all | stem only |
の (L17) | the one | all | all | Na-Adj.な |
なら(L17) | if it is a fact that | all | all | stem only |
〜かどうか+S(L17) | whether or not | all | all | Nだ /Na-Adj.だ |
QN〜か+S(L17) | ・・・・・who/what/where/etc. (it) is/does | all | all | Nだ /Na-Adj.だ |
ところだ(L18 & 21) | about to do; in the midst; just done | affirmative only | n/a | n/a |
ようになる(L17) | "change" | non・past only | くform+なる(L
11) |
N/Na-Adj.になる (L11) |
ことにする(L17) | "making a decision"" | non・past only (L29) | n/a | Nにする |
と+後文(L18) | when; whenever; immediately after | non・past only | non・past only | Nだ /Na-Adj.だ |
といい(L19) | "I/we wish/ hope" | non・past only | non・past only | Nだ /Na-Adj.だ |
うちに(L19) | while ~ ("limited time") | non・past - affirmative only | non・past affirmative only | Nの/Na-Adj.な |
うちに(L19 &
29) |
before ~ ("limited time") | non・past - negative only | n/a | n/a |
前(L &22) | before | non・past - affirmative only | n/a | Nの |
なくてはいけない(L20) | must do~; ought to do ~ | non・past - negative (pre-nai form) | n/a | n/a |
なくなる(L20) | "change" | non・past - negative (pre-nai form) | 〜くなくなる | 〜ではなくなる |
ないで ください(L18) | please do not ~ | non・past - negative (pre-nai form) | n/a | n/a |
ないで+文(L18) | without doing ~ | non・past - negative (pre-nai form) | n/a | n/a |
まま(L16) | as the situation is remained" | non・past negative or past - affirmative | non・past - affirmative | Nの/Na-Adj.な |
たら いい(L20) | "I/we wish/hope" | past only
|
past only | past only |
たら どう?(L20) | "giving an advice" | past only
|
past only | past only |
た後 | after~, | past - affirmative only | n/a | n/a |
てーform | VERB | ADJECTIVES and/or NOUN |
てあげる/もらう/くれる(L21) doing something for someone | n/a | |
てほしい(L22) want someone to do ~ | n/a | |
てもらいたい(L22) want someone to do ~ | n/a | |
てから+S(L22) after ~, | n/a | |
QN〜ても(L24) no matter how/ what/ who/ when/ etc. | 〜くても/〜でも | |
てばかりいる(*L24) nothing but doing ~ | n/a |
i-adj. Stem or V pre-masu Form | VERB | ADJECTIVES and/or NOUN |
すぎる(L21) too ~; over doing | stem form of adjectives ONLY | |
やすい(*L21 & p.100) easy to do | n/a | |
にくい(*L21 & p.100) difficult to do | n/a |
Ba form | VERB | ADJECTIVES and/or NOUN |
ば いいでしょうか(L22) should I do ~; is it okay if I do ~ | n/a | |
ば ならない/いけない (L23) must do~; ought to do ~ | n/a |
Plain forms | meaning ["concept"] | VERB | i-Adj. | Na-Adj. & NOUN present-affirmative |
のでは ありませんか(L23) | "my opinion" | all | all | Nな /Na-Adj.な |
のではないかと 思う(L23) | "my opinion" | all | all | Nな /Na-Adj.な |
ところだ(L18 & 21) | about to do; in the midst; just done | affirmative only | n/a | n/a |
ころだ(L23) | "about the time when" | affirmative only | all | Nの/Na-Adj.な |
前(L22) | before | non・past - affirmative only | n/a | Nの |
ないでほしい(L22) | want somebody not to do ~ | non・past - negative (pre-nai form) | n/a | n/a |
ないでもらいたい(L22) | want somebody not to do ~ | non・past - negative (pre-nai form) | n/a | n/a |
なければ いけない(L23) | must do~; ought to do ~ | non・past - negative (pre-nai form) | n/a | n/a |
たら+後文(L21) | after ; when; if | past only |
past only | past only |
たり、〜たり、(L21) | and | past only |
past only | past only |
たら、いいでしょうか(L22) | "consultation" "asking an advice" | past only |
past only | past only |
たばかりだ (*L24) | have just done | past - affirmative only
|
n/a | n/a |
た後 | after~ | past - affirmative only | n/a | n/a |