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In multimedia, there are primarily two ways to describe color. Pigment based color mixing or color based on reflected light is a subtractive method for mixing color. Light based color mixing, or color based on refrected light is an additive method for mixing color. In general, we are more comfortable using the pigment based color wheel because that is where our previous experience tends to lay. Light based color mixing tends to be a more accurate method for multimedia production based on the nature of the medium: images created with pixels of light on a computer monitor.
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| LIGHT | PIGMENT |
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| REFRACTED | REFLECTED |
| ADDITIVE | SUBTRACTIVE |
| PRIMARIES |
|---|
RED
GREEN
BLUE |
RED
YELLOW
BLUE |
| SECONDARIES |
|---|
YELLOW
CYAN
MAGENTA |
ORANGE
GREEN
PURPLE |
| WAYS TO DEFINE COLOR |
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- HUE: the color
Degrees of the color wheel (0-360), OR
RGB values: 0=no color, 255=full color
- SATURATION: intensity of color
Saturation=0% is white
Saturation=100% is full color
- BRIGHTNESS: darkness of color
(also VALUE)
Brightness=0% is black
Brightness=100% is full color
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| WAYS TO DESCRIBE COLOR |
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- COMPLEMENTS
hues opposite each other on the color wheel
intensifies the difference between colors
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- ANALOGOUS
hues next to each other on the color wheel
the colors blend and are harmonious
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- OPTICAL COLOR MIXING (ANALOGOUS)
juxtaposition of small areas of analgous colors
forces viewer to mix them optically, creating a blend
on a very small scale, this is what dithering does
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- OPTICAL COLOR MIXING (COMPLEMENT)
juxtaposition of small areas of complementary colors
forces viewer to mix them optically, canceling each other out
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- INTERPENETRATION OF COLOR
color is affected by surrounding colors
both lighter rectangles are exactly the same color
but each should appear different based on the color around it
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- TEMPERATURE AFFECTS SIZE
the perceived size of an object is affected by its color
warm colors advance, cool colors recede
both interior squares are the same physical size
but the yellow square should appear to be slightly larger
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- CONTRAST AFFECTS SIZE
the perceived size of an object is affected by its contrast
light areas advance, dark areas recede
both interior squares are the same physical size
but the lighter square should appear to be slightly larger
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