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A study by Dr.
John M. Budd et al. in the Journal
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of the
American Medical Association (July 15,
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1998) examined
235 scientific journal articles
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that had been
formally retracted due to error,
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misconduct,
failure to replicate results, or other
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reasons. The
researchers reported that,
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“Retracted
articles continue to be cited as valid
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works in the
biomedical literature after
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publication of
the retraction.”
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