Peter Hernon
•A study by Dr. John M. Budd et al. in the Journal of
the American Medical Association (July
15, 1998) examined 235
scientific journal articles that
had been formally retracted due to error, misconduct, failure to replicate results, or other reasons. The researchers reported that, “Retracted articles continue to be cited as valid works in the biomedical literature after publication of the retraction.”