How To Use EndNote for Referencing

EndNote is a software program that allows you to cite references in a word processing document as you write. The best part is that it will automatically format your references in a bibliography in any style that you want. You must first create a reference library in EndNote from which to choose references. Then you can toggle back and forth between your word processing document and EndNote, citing references as needed. Upon completion of your report, you can use EndNote to create a bibliography of the references you have used in a format of your choosing, for example, APA style, or formatted for publication in a particular journal such as the Journal of Neuroscience or Science. This software may be quite useful to you in writing research papers and should be of immense help in writing your thesis.

Creating a Reference Library in EndNote

To create a reference library in EndNote, you can download references (authors, title, journal, and even the abstract) directly from database searches you have conducted, for example, in Medline or Psychlit. You can also copy and paste references from other documents in which the references have already been typed in. In some instances, you may want to type references directly into your reference library in EndNote. (The downside of typing references directly into the reference library is that you will not have downloaded the abstract for that article but you will still be able to cite the article and include it in your bibliography.)

Performing a Literature Search in the Ladd Library's Databases- e.g., Medline

1. From the library homepage, click on Indexes/Databases and select a database (e.g., Medline or Psychlit). You will probably find it useful to bookmark this page.

2. Using the library's search program, Ovid, perform your Medline search. From the displayed titles, select the papers that you want to keep by clicking the box to the left of the title.

3. Save your selections using the Citation Manager located at the bottom of the Title Display Page. Under Citations, choose your "Selected Citations" or "All in this set". Under Fields, choose "Citation + Abstract + Subject Headings". Under Citation Format, choose "Reprint/Medlars". Save the search (click on "Save" under Action). In the next box, choose the appropriate platform, Windows, Macintosh, or Unix, then click on "Continue". Choose "Save File" in the next box. Now, name and save your search on Paris if you are on a public or lab machine or wherever you want (desktop?) on your own machine.

Downloading References from a Literature Search into your ENDNOTE Reference Library

1. Start the program EndNote 3.0 (we are trying to upgrade to 4.1). See "Downloading EndNote at the end of this document if you need help finding EndNote. Go to FILE, then NEW. Name your new reference library. Later you will probably just want to add references to this same library. You can create several different libraries but it is often useful to have just one. We suggest storing your library in your Paris file so that you can access it from any networked computer.

2. The next step is to import your saved search, but first you must tell EndNote what format the search has been saved in; more specifically, you must "set the filters". (Once these are set, they should stay set unless someone else changes them, but you should know how to find and set the filters if needed.) To set the filters: click on FILE, IMPORT FILTERS, then either SET or EDIT FILTER. Find the folder containing the EndNote application files (for example, on your hard disk if you have downloaded the program onto your machine or in Denmark if you are working from the network). Open the filters folder and select OVID (Reprint Format), then MEDLINE (OVID). With the filters set, you should now be able to import the search.

3. To download or import your search, select IMPORT from the FILE dropdown menu within EndNote. In the import box that appears, click on "Choose a File" and get the saved search from Paris, the desktop, or wherever you saved it. Second, under Import Option, select MEDLINE (OVID). Third, under Duplicates, you should discard duplicates to avoid saving the same articles more than once. Now click on IMPORT. The references should appear in the EndNote window. If you are using a Mac and the authors names do not appear in your library (the first column in your list of references), then you must update your version of Endnote. See "EndNote Updater 3.1.3 for the Mac" at the end of this document.

Copying and Pasting or Typing References into your Reference Library

In some instances you may want to manually add references to your library (as opposed to downloading or importing them from a library search). To manually add a reference, open the library, click on REFERENCES in the menu, and then NEW, and type in or copy and paste the information in the appropriate boxes. The reference will be added to your listing.

Citing References from Endnote in a Word Processing Document

Microsoft Word

Some word processing programs, such as Microsoft Word, contain plug-ins for Endnote so that the tasks of citing references and formatting a bibliography can be performed directly through the menus.
To insert citations:
1. Place the curser where you would like your citations to appear.
2. Go to the Tools menu and click on Go To Endnote.

3. In Endnote, click on (highlight) the references you want. For multiple citations hold down the Apple or control key while selecting.
4. Return to Word and under Tools, click on Insert Citation(s). Note: Do not be concerned about the format of the citation, you can select a style later.
To produce a bibliography:
1. Select Format Bibliography in the Tools menu.
2. Select the Style that you would like, APA published, for example. (Setting the "style" is similar to setting the "filters". The styles folder can be found in the application folder along with the filters folder.)
3. Click on Format and the bibliography will appear.
4. Adjust the spacing as needed. You will likely have to separate the end of your written document from the beginning of the bibliography, for example. Citations in the paper and the bibliography should, however, be in the style you selected.

Word Perfect or Other Programs

To use other word processing programs, a few additional steps are required but the process is similar and relatively easy.

To cite references:
1. Go to ENDNOTE, click on the desired article(s) in your reference library, and select COPY from the EDIT menu. To select more than one reference, hold down the apple or control key and highlight all the references you want.
2. Go back to the document or word processing program and place your cursor where you would like the reference(s) to appear. Select PASTE from the EDIT menu. Note: Do not be concerned about the format now, you can change it later.
3. Save your document, for example, on the desktop.
To produce a bibliography:
1. To produce a bibliography of the references you have cited in your document, go to ENDNOTE, choose SCAN PAPER from the PAPER menu.
2. Select your saved paper from the desktop and click on OPEN.
3. Under the STYLES menu, select the desired style for your bibliography, e.g., APA published. (Setting the "style" is similar to setting the "filters". The styles folder can be found in the application folder along with the filters folder.) Click on Set Styles Folder, then choose Psychology. Find and select APA published or Behavioral Neuroscience, which uses APA style, from the list.
4. Now select FORMAT from the PAPER menu. Save the file (in APA format) and open it in the word processing application.
5. Adjust the spacing as needed. You will likely have to separate the end of your written document from the beginning of the bibliography, for example. Citations in the paper and the bibliography should, however, be in the style you selected.

Note that John Kelsey has a more complete manual for EndNote in Carnegie 437.

Downloading EndNote to your computer

Mac Users:
1. To download or use EndNote you must first quit out of any other programs you are currently running and log-on to the network
2. Go to the Chooser and click on Appleshare then Backbone (under the Apple Talk Zones). Select Denmark as the file server. Click OK. In the next box, register as a guest and click Connect.
3. In Denmark, choose "Software", then OK. Close out of the chooser and find the find the "Software" icon on the desktop. Click on it.
4. Open the Macintosh folder. You will find the EndNote Installer in the EndNote folder (and in the list of Installer Aliases). Follow the installation instructions. Note the location of the installation; you may need to find the EndNote folder to change the filters, styles, and import options when using the program.

Endnote Updater 3.1.3 for Mac

A patch is available to correct the incompatibility that exists between Endnote 3.0 and newer Mac Operating systems. If the authors are missing from your reference library or if the search button appears as a ghost when you attempt to connect to and search a remote database from within Endnote then you must apply this patch. Read the "Print Me First!" text file before installing the EndNote Updater 3.1.3

PC Users:
1. To access EndNote you must first log-on to the network.
2. On public machines, a quick icon to access the "Software on Denmark (H:)" can be found under My Computer; alternatively, open Windows Explorer (Under Programs in the Start menu).
3. Find and click on "Software on Denmark (H:)". In the Windows folder, find and open the EndNote folder. Now just drag the EndNote3 program onto the desktop. A shortcut or alias for accessing the EndNote program will now be created on the desktop.