Chapter 23

Formation of Participles

• Perfect Tense
  • Passive Voice
    • Participial stem (4th pp - endings) + "us, a, um" endings" endings
    • i.e., the 4th principal part you have memorized all semester
      • laudätus, a, um
      • monitus, a, um
      • actus, a, um
      • captus, a, um
      • audïtus, a, um
        
        
    • Examples:
      • Örätor, laudätus ab puellä, ëducävit mïlitem.
      • Dux sacerdötum laudätörum gaudëbat.
      • Mïles örätörï monitö ab puellä equum dat.
      • Mïles ducem laudätum ab sacerdöte petïvït.
      • Dux cum örätöre laudäto ab puellä vënit.
        
        
  • NB:Because this participle is passive, it cannot take a direct object (like any passive verb). Never use the perfect passive participle in an active sense - and you will want to. You can only say "having been praised." You can never say "having praised." Even Latin isn't perfect.

Chapter Index / Future Active Participle