Chapter 22

Formation - Endings

NS	rë s	diës	NP	rë s	diës
GS	re ï	diëï	GP	rë rum	diërum
DS	re ï	diëï	DP	rë bus	diëbus
AccS	re m	diem	AccP	rë s	diës
AblS	rë	dië	AblP	rë bus	diëbus

Formation - Stem

• The fifth declension is characterized by stems which contain an "ë." That stem vowel shortens before certain vowels and consonants.
  
  
• The masculine 5th declension noun diës, diëi, m. ("day") may look a bit odd to you because the "i" in the stem limits funky phonentic transformations to the stem vowel (ë). Because of the decline in educational standards characteristic of the culture since the rise of the Republican party oligarchy (in my personal opinion), you are not required to memorize macrons. The vocabulary item "diës, diëi, m. (" will pose no problem to you if you recognize that the real stem is "dië" and add the endings In the ablative singular the "ë" of the stem vowel and the "ë" of the paradigm case ending combine into one "ë".

Formation - Notes

• All nominative singulars end in "ës," - you can count on it. Money in the bank. You must still memorize the nominative, genitive, gender dictionary entry, however. Some third declension nominatives end in "ës," - so you won't know if you have a 3rd or 5th declension unless you know the genitive.
  
  
• Almost all 5th declension nouns are feminine - but a few important ones are masculine.