Chapter 19

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Verba Sequentur Home

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Concept Review:

Chapter Nineteen introduces the Perfect Passive system of all verb conjugations. The Perfect Indicate Passive is rather simple to form. The Perfect, Pluperfect, and Future Perfect Passive each use the Fourth Principle part of the verb combined with the conjugations of sum (Perfect Passive), eram (Pluperfect), and ero (Future Perfect) to form the passives. For further references of the forms please refer to pages 122-123 or page 454.

Sum + the participle/fourth principle part function as a verbal unit. Still, the participle is basically a predicate adjective and consequently agrees with the subject's gender, number, and case.

Examples of the Tenses:

a. Perfect: Puer ductus est. The boy has been lead.

b. Pluperfert: Puer ductus erat. The boy had been lead.

c. Future Perfect: Puer ductus erit. The boy will have been lead.

Examples of the agreement of gender, number, and case:

a. Masculine, Singular: Puer ductus est. The boy has been lead.

b. Masculine, Plural: Pueri ducti sunt. The boys have been lead.

c. Feminine, Singular: Puella ducta erat. The girl had been lead.

d. Feminine, Plural: Puellae ductae erant. The girls had been lead.

e. Neuter, Singular: Donum laudatum erit. The gift will have been praised.

f. Neuter, Plural: Dona laudata erunt. The gifts will have been praised.

The Interrogative Pronoun asks for the identification of a person or thing. In Latin the Interrogative Pronoun works like the English Interrogative Pronoun (who, whose, whom? what, which?). The Singular forms of the Interrogative Pronoun. The For a reference of the forms, please refer to page 19 in your Wheelock textbook.

The Interrogative Adjective asks for further or more specific identification of a person or a thing. In Latin the Interrogative Pronoun works like the English Interrogative Pronoun (which, what, what kind of). The forms of the Interrogative Adjective are Identical to those forms of the Relative Pronoun.

Remember: the Interrogative Pronoun asks a question about the identity of a person or thing, has no antecedent, and often introduces the question.

The Interrogative Adjective asks for more specific identification of a person or thing. The Interrogative Adjective precedes and agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun.

The Relative Pronoun usually introduces a subordinate clause. It has an antecedent and does not ask a question, but provide further information about their antecedents.

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