SKELETON REVIEW

Examine the mounted human skeleton, along with assorted unmounted (detached) bones.

Learn the names of all bones and landmarks listed below. NAMES OF BONES ARE IN CAPITALS.

SKULL (deeper bones omitted):

FRONTAL ZYGOMATIC

PARIETAL NASAL

OCCIPITAL LACRIMAL

TEMPORAL, incl. zygomatic process & zygomatic arch, mastoid process, styloid process

NASAL INCISIVE (PREMAXILLA)

LACRIMAL MAXILLA

MANDIBLE, including angle, ramus, coronoid process PALATINE

SPHENOID, visible from the side HYOID

TRUNK (AXIAL SKELETON):

VERTEBRAE: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, Caudal (Coccygeal)

Learn to recognize regional variations and to identify ATLAS, AXIS, vertebral arterial canals, and spinous processes (neural spines)

RIBS: Distinguish “true”, “false”, and “floating” ribs; costal cartilages

STERNUM: Distinguish manubrium, body (mesosternum), xiphoid process (xiphisternum)

PECTORAL GIRDLE AND UPPER LIMB (FORELIMB):

CLAVICLE

SCAPULA, including spine, acromion, supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa, coracoid process, glenoid cavity

HUMERUS, incl. head, trochlea, capitulum, lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle

ULNA, including olecranon process

RADIUS

CARPALS (as a group)

METACARPALS

PHALANGES, with phalangeal formula 2.3.3.3.3

PELVIC GIRDLE AND LOWER OR HIND LIMB:

ILIUM, including iliac crest; acetabulum (where all 3 bones meet)

ISCHIUM, including ischial tuberosity, obturator foramen

PUBIS, including pubic symphysis

FEMUR, including greater trochanter, head, neck, lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle

PATELLA (the largest sesamoid bone)

TIBIA, including tibial (cnemial) crest, medial malleolus

FIBULA, including lateral malleolus

TARSALS, including CALCANEUS

METATARSALS

PHALANGES, with phalangeal formula 2.3.3.3.3